語文戴氏指點_戴氏英語語法學(xué)習(xí)_初中補習(xí)
語文戴氏指點_戴氏英語語法學(xué)習(xí)_初中補習(xí),中學(xué)生堅持統(tǒng)籌兼顧原則的第二要點是，要注意身體的健康發(fā)育。青少年時期，既是長知識的關(guān)鍵期，也是長身體的關(guān)鍵期，尤其是身體，過了這個關(guān)鍵期，即使加強鍛煉，也難以收到理想的效果。因為人到了十_歲，身體的骨骼、肌肉、肺活量以及五臟六腑的機能基本定型。身體不但關(guān)系到一生的前途，也關(guān)系到一生的幸福。英語學(xué)習(xí)差異與其他科目，這不然則一種知識文化，更是一種語言，以是我們在學(xué)習(xí)的時刻要多說多練，才氣更快的掌握這門學(xué)科。一下是
月朔的語法知識包羅：
主要掌握幾種時態(tài)
1，一樣平時現(xiàn)在時
2，一樣平時已往時
3，一樣平時未來時
4，現(xiàn)在舉行時
尚有幾種詞
1，名詞
2，代詞
3，形容詞
4，動詞
5，冠詞
月朔英語語法
一、詞法
1、名詞
A)、名詞的數(shù)
我們知道名詞可以分為可數(shù)名詞和不能數(shù)名詞，而不能數(shù)名詞它沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，但可數(shù)名詞卻有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)之分，復(fù)數(shù)的組成如下：
一)在后面加s。如：fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas
二)x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes
三)1)以輔音字母加y末尾的變y為i再加es 如：baby-babies, family-families, duty-duties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories
2)以元音字母加y末尾的直接加s。如：day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways
四)以o末尾加s(外來詞)。如：radios, photos, 但如是輔音加o的加es：如: tomatoes西紅柿, potatoes馬鈴薯
五)以f或fe末尾的變f為v再加es(s)。如：knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves
六)單復(fù)數(shù)相同(穩(wěn)固的)有：fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese
七)一樣平時只有復(fù)數(shù)，沒有單數(shù)的有：people, pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks
八)單詞形式穩(wěn)固，既可以是單數(shù)也可以是復(fù)數(shù)的有：police警員局，警員, class班，同硯, family家，家庭成員
九)合成的復(fù)數(shù)一樣平時只加主要名詞，多數(shù)為后一個單詞。如：action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals; 但若是是由man或woman所組成的合成詞的復(fù)數(shù)則同時為復(fù)數(shù)。如：man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers
十)有的單復(fù)數(shù)意思差異。如：fish魚 fishes魚的種類, paper紙 papers報紙，卷子，論文, work事情 works作品，工廠, glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯，眼鏡, orange桔子水 oranges橙子, light光線 lights燈, people人 peoples民族, time時間 times時代, 次數(shù), chicken 雞肉 chickens 小雞
十一) 單個字母的復(fù)數(shù)可以有兩種形式直接加s或’s。如：Is (I’s), Ks (K’s)。但如是縮略詞則只加s。如：IDs, VCDs, SARs
十二) 特殊形式的有：child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-Englishmen
B)名詞的格
當(dāng)我們要示意某人的什么器械某人時，我們就要使用所有格形式。組成如下：
一)單數(shù)在后面加’s。如：brother’s, Mike’s, teacher’s
二)復(fù)數(shù)以s末尾的直接在s后加’，若是不是以s末尾的與單數(shù)一樣處置。如：Teachers’ Day西席節(jié), classmates’; Children’s Day六一節(jié), Women’s Day三八節(jié)
三)由and并列的名詞所有時，若是是配合所有統(tǒng)一人或物時，只加最后一個’s，但劃分擁有時卻劃分按單數(shù)形式處置。如：Mike and Ben’s room邁克和本的房間(共住一間)，Mike’s and Ben’s rooms邁克和本的房間(各自的房間)
2、代詞
項目 人稱代詞 物主代詞 指示代詞 反身代詞
人稱 主格 賓格 形容詞 名詞性
第一人稱 單數(shù) I me my mine myself
復(fù)數(shù) we us our ours ourselves
第二人稱 單數(shù) you you your yours yourself
復(fù)數(shù) you you your yours yourselves
第三人稱 單數(shù) she her her hers herself
he him his his himself
it it its its this that itself
復(fù)數(shù) they them their theirs these those themselves
3、動詞
A) 第三人稱單數(shù)
當(dāng)動詞是第三人稱單數(shù)時，動詞應(yīng)該像名詞的單數(shù)更改詞那樣加s，如下：
一)一樣平時在詞后加s。如：comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains
二)在x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：watches, washes, wishes, finishes
三)1)以輔音字母加y末尾的變y為i再加es。如：study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries
2)以元音字母加y末尾的直接加s。如：plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys
四)以o末尾加es。如：does, goes
五)特殊的有：are-is, have-has
B) 現(xiàn)在分詞
當(dāng)我們說某人正在做什么事時，動詞要使用分詞形式，不能用真相，組成如下：
一)一樣平時在后加ing。如：spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing, hurry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing
二)以不發(fā)音e的末尾的去掉e再加ing。如：dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking, practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having
三)以重讀閉音節(jié)末尾且一個元音字母+一個輔音字母(注重除開字母組合如show –showing, draw-drawing)要雙寫最后的輔音字母再加ing。如：put-putting, run-running, get-getting, let-letting, begin-beginning
四)以ie末尾的變ie為y再加ing。如：tie-tying系 die-dying死 lie-lying 位于
4、形容詞的級
我們在對兩個或以上的人或物舉行對比時，則要使用對照或最高級形式。組成如下：
一) 一樣平時在詞后加er或est(若是是以e末尾則直接加r或st)。如：greater-greatest, shorter –shortest, taller –tallest, longer –longest, nicer- nicest, larger -largest
,如果上課時不注意聽講，當(dāng)堂沒聽懂，在課堂上幾分鐘就能解決的問題，課后可能要花費幾倍的時間才能補上。所以，學(xué)生在課堂上集中精力聽好每一堂課，是學(xué)習(xí)好功課的關(guān)鍵。要跟著老師的講述和所做的演示實驗，積極地思考，仔細地觀察，踴躍發(fā)言，及時記憶，抓緊課堂上老師所給的時間認真做好課堂練習(xí)，努力把所學(xué)內(nèi)容當(dāng)堂消化，當(dāng)堂記住。,,溫習(xí)并不僅僅是對知識的簡樸回首，而是在自己的大腦中思量新舊知識的相互聯(lián)系，并舉行重整，形成新的知識系統(tǒng)。以是，課后要實時對聽課內(nèi)容舉行溫習(xí)，做好知識的整理和歸納，這樣才氣使知識融會融會，阻止泛起越學(xué)越亂的征象。,二)以重讀閉音節(jié)末尾且1個元音字母+1個輔音字母(字母組合除外，如few-fewer fewest)末尾的雙寫末尾的輔音再加er /est。如：big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest
三) 以輔音字母+y末尾的變y為i加er/est。如：happy-happier happiest, sorry-sorrier sorriest, friendly-friendlier friendliest(more friendly most friendly), busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest
四)特殊情形：(兩許多若干壞，一少老遠)
good/well - better best many/much - more most bad/ill – worse worst
little- less least old- older/elder oldest/eldest far- farther/further farthest/furthest
5、數(shù)詞 (基變序，有規(guī)則;一、二、三，自己背;五、八、九、十二;其它后接th;y末尾，變?yōu)閕, eth跟上去。) first, second, third; fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth; seventh, tenth, thirteenth, hundredth; twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth, ninety-ninetieth
二、句式
陳述句
一定陳述句 a) This is a book. (be動詞)
b) He looks very young. (連系動詞)
c) I want a sweat like this. (實義動詞)
d) I can bring some things to school. (情態(tài)動詞)
e) There’s a computer on my desk. (There be結(jié)構(gòu))
否認陳述句 a) These aren’t their books. b) They don’t look nice.
c) Kate doesn’t go to No. 4 Middle School. d) Kate can’t find her doll.
e) There isn’t a cat here. (=There’s no cat here.)
祈使句
一定祈使句 a) Please go and ask the man. b) Let’s learn English!
c) Come in, please.
否認祈使句a) Don’t be late. b) Don’t hurry.
疑問句
1) 一樣平時疑問句 a) Is Jim a student? b) Can I help you? c) Does she like salad?
d) Do they watch TV? e) Is she reading?
一定回復(fù): a) Yes, he is. b) Yes, you can. c) Yes, she does. d) Yes, they do. e) Yes, she is.
否認回復(fù): a) No, he isn’t. b) No, you can’t. c) No, she doesn’t. d) No, they don’t. e) No, she isn’t.
2) 選擇疑問句 Is the table big or small? 回復(fù) It’s big./ It’s small.
3) 特殊疑問句
?、佟枤q數(shù) How old is Lucy? She is twelve.
?、凇柗N類 What kind of movies do you like? I like action movies and comedies.
?、邸柹眢w狀態(tài) How is your uncle? He is well/fine.
④ 問方式 How do/can you spell it? L-double O-K.
How do we contact you? My e-mail address is cindyjones@16com.
?、荨柧壒试伞hy do you want to join the club?
?、蕖枙r間 What’s the time? (=What time is it?) It’s a quarter to ten a.m..
What time do you usually get up, Rick? At five o’clock.
When do you want to go? Let’s go at 7:0
?、摺柕胤?Where’s my backpack? It’s under the table.
?、唷栴伾?What color are they? They are light blue.
What’s your favourite color? It’s black.
⑨ 問人物 Who’s that? It’s my sister.
Who is the boy in blue? My brother.
Who isn’t at school? Peter and Emma.
Who are Lisa and Tim talking to?
?、狻柶餍?What’s this/that (in English)? It’s a pencil case.
What else can you see in the picture? I can see some broccoli, strawberries and hamburgers.
11問姓名 What’s your aunt’s name? Her name is Helen./She’s Helen.
What’s your first name? My first name’s Ben.
What’s your family name? My family name’s Smith.
12 問哪一個 Which do you like? I like one in the box.
13 問字母 What letter is it? It’s big D/small f.
14 問價錢 How much are these pants? They’re 15 dollars.
15 問電話號碼 What’s your phone number? It’s 576-834
16 問謂語(動作) What’s he doing? He’s watching TV.
17 問職業(yè)(身份) What do you do? I’m a teacher.
What’s your father? He’s a doctor.
三、時態(tài)
1、一樣平時現(xiàn)在時 示意普遍、經(jīng)常性的或耐久性的動作時使用一樣平時現(xiàn)在時，它有：
Be 動詞：She’s a worker. Is she a worker? She isn’t a worker.
情態(tài)動詞：I can play the piano. Can you play the piano? I can’t play the piano.
行為動詞：They want to eat some tomatoes. Do they want to eat any tomatoes? They don’t want to eat any tomatoes.
Gina has a nice watch. Does Gina have a nice watch? Gina doesn’t have a watch.
2、現(xiàn)在舉行時 示意動詞在此時正在發(fā)生或舉行就使用舉行時態(tài)，結(jié)構(gòu)為sb be v-ing sth + 其它.
I’m playing baseball. Are you playing baseball? I’m not playing baseball.
Nancy is writing a letter. Is Nancy writing a letter? Nancy isn’t writing a letter.
They’re listening to the pop music. Are they listening the pop music? They aren’t listening to the pop music.
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